feat: 扩展天文计算能力

- 新增日食、月食、本地可见性、中心线、半影区域、SVG 图示与沙罗周期信息
- 新增行星冲合、留、方照、物理星历、视直径、相位、亮肢角、轨道节点等计算
- 新增木星伽利略卫星位置、现象与接触事件计算
- 新增恒星星表、星座判定、自行修正与观测辅助能力
- 新增 coord、formula、orbit、sundial、lite/sun、lite/moon 等扩展包
- 完善农历年号、月相英文别名、视差角、大气质量、折射、日晷与双星计算
- 增加 NASA、JPL Horizons、IMCCE 等回归测试数据与基线测试
- 重构基础算法文件组织，补充大量公开 API 注释和语义回归测试
- 更新中文和英文 README，补充示例、精度说明、SVG 配图

basic/solar_terms.go

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+package basic
+
+import "math"
+
+func GetMoonLoops(year float64, loop int) []float64 {
+	var start float64
+	var newMoon, lastNewMoon float64
+	moonLoops := make([]float64, loop)
+	if year < 6000 {
+		start = year + 11.00/12.00 + 5.00/30.00/12.00
+	} else {
+		start = year + 9.00/12.00 + 5.00/30.00/12.00
+	}
+	i := 1
+	for j := 0; j < loop; j++ {
+		if year > 3000 {
+			newMoon = TD2UT(CalcMoonSH(start+float64(i-1)/12.5, 0)+8.0/24.0, false)
+		} else {
+			newMoon = TD2UT(CalcMoonS(start+float64(i-1)/12.5, 0)+8.0/24.0, false)
+		}
+		if i != 1 {
+			if newMoon == lastNewMoon {
+				j--
+				i++
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+		moonLoops[j] = newMoon
+		lastNewMoon = moonLoops[j]
+		i++
+	}
+	return moonLoops
+}
+
+func GetJieqiLoops(year, loop int) []float64 {
+	start := 270
+	jq := make([]float64, loop)
+	for i := 1; i <= loop; i++ {
+		angle := start + 15*(i-1)
+		if angle > 360 {
+			angle -= 360
+		}
+		jq[i-1] = GetJQTime(year+int(math.Ceil(float64(i-1)/24.000)), angle) + 8.0/24.0
+	}
+	return jq
+}
+
+func GetJQTime(year, angle int) float64 {
+	// Calculate initial day based on angle parity
+	var initialDay float64
+	if angle%2 == 0 {
+		initialDay = 18
+	} else {
+		initialDay = 3
+	}
+
+	// Calculate temporary factor for month offset
+	var tempFactor float64
+	if angle%10 != 0 {
+		tempFactor = float64(angle+15) / 30.0
+	} else {
+		tempFactor = float64(angle) / 30.0
+	}
+
+	// Calculate initial month, adjusting if超过 12
+	initialMonth := 3.0 + tempFactor
+	if initialMonth > 12.0 {
+		initialMonth -= 12.0
+	}
+
+	// Calculate initial Julian date
+	initialJD := JDECalc(year, int(initialMonth), initialDay)
+
+	// Set target angle for iteration; if angle is 0, use 360
+	targetAngle := float64(angle)
+	if angle == 0 {
+		targetAngle = 360.0
+	}
+
+	// Newton-Raphson iteration to find precise Julian date
+	currentJD := initialJD
+	for {
+		previousJD := currentJD
+		errorValue := JQLospec(previousJD, targetAngle) - targetAngle
+		derivative := (JQLospec(previousJD+0.000005, targetAngle) - JQLospec(previousJD-0.000005, targetAngle)) / 0.00001
+		currentJD = previousJD - errorValue/derivative
+
+		// Check for convergence
+		if math.Abs(currentJD-previousJD) <= 0.00001 {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Convert to UT and return
+	return TD2UT(currentJD, false)
+}
+
+func JQLospec(jd float64, target float64) float64 {
+	sunLo := HSunApparentLo(jd)
+	if target >= 345 {
+		if sunLo <= 12 {
+			sunLo += 360
+		}
+	} else if target <= 15 {
+		if sunLo >= 350 {
+			sunLo -= 360
+		}
+	}
+	return sunLo
+}