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feat: 引入可切换星历模型并扩展天象观测链路

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- 新增半解析、旧模型、自定义与多源堆叠星历实例，提供 Context、Instance、SPK 读取及状态与视位置计算
- 统一太阳、月球和行星实例接口，扩展黄经穿越、留、相位、最近角距、偕日可见、任意高度升落、轨道节点及凌日等天象查询
- 完善日月食、月掩与凌日的月缘剖面、有限盘面接触、站心修正、局地可见性、全球路径和地图输出
- 新增 SVG、GeoJSON、KML 天象输出及凌日、月掩和月缘地形相关缓存与几何求解
- 新增恒星星表导入与查询，支持 CSV、Hipparcos、BSC5、Stellarium 等格式及名称、交叉标识、锥面检索和星等过滤
- 补充 IAU 2006、地球定向、折射消光、大气观测、轨道传播及半解析行星/月球数据支持
- 将默认未来民用时标切换为 TimeScaleLeapHour，更新 2027–2400 农历速查表、中文日期解析和时区边界处理
- 增加事件基线、跨模型回归、几何边界、月缘地形和输出契约测试，完善中英文手册、示例资源、NOTICE 与忽略规则
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兔子
2026-10-15 23:54:15 +08:00
parent 16c62a97d5
commit 044f2f4381
674 changed files with 62983 additions and 8396 deletions
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doc/manual/en/sundial.md
+10 -12
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@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ p := dial.ShadowPointByHourAngleDeclination(-45, 23.44)
fmt.Println(p.X, p.Y, p.Illuminated)
```
The four `PlanarDial` fields are latitude, plate-normal azimuth, normal zenith distance and stylus length. `Geometry` returns the dial centre (where the polar stylus is fixed), the polar-stylus length and its angle to the plate; `ShadowPointByHourAngleDeclination` takes a signed hour angle and the solar declination, while `ShadowPointAt` takes the instant and longitude instead.
The four `PlanarDial` fields are latitude, plate-normal azimuth, normal zenith distance and stylus length. `Geometry` returns the dial center (where the polar stylus is fixed), the polar-stylus length and its angle to the plate; `ShadowPointByHourAngleDeclination` takes a signed hour angle and the solar declination, while `ShadowPointAt` takes the instant and longitude instead.
### Plate illumination intervals
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ segsAt := dial.DeclinationCurveAt(date, 1.0)
fmt.Println(len(segs), len(segsAt))
```
A time line projects the equal-instant points of a mean-solar-time line straight onto the dial as `TimeLineSample` values; a declination curve samples the plate for a fixed declination or for the declination of the day, and each segment's `Interval` is the usable hour-angle interval described above.
A time line projects the equal-instant points of a mean-solar-time line straight onto the dial as `TimeLineSample` values; a declination curve samples the plate for a fixed declination or for the declination of the day, and each segment's `Interval` is the usable hour-angle interval for that declination.
### Equatorial, horizontal and vertical dials
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ Each constructor sets the plate normal differently; when drawing, read it from t
| `HorizontalDial` | `180°` | `0°` (normal points at the zenith; x east, y north) |
| `EquatorialNorthDial` | `0°` | `90° - latitude` |
| `EquatorialSouthDial` | `180°` | `90° + latitude` |
| `VerticalDial` | argument normalised to `[0°, 360°)` | `90°` |
| `VerticalDial` | argument normalized to `[0°, 360°)` | `90°` |
In the northern hemisphere the north-face equatorial dial serves the spring/summer half-year (positive solar declination) and the south face the autumn/winter half-year.
@@ -178,9 +178,9 @@ For `VerticalDial` the normal azimuth runs from north toward east, so a south-fa
| `PlanarShadowPoint` | `X` / `Y` | Shadow-point coordinates in the stylus-length unit |
| | `DenominatorQ` | Projection denominator; approaching zero means the shadow runs to infinity |
| | `SunAboveHorizon` / `PlaneIlluminated` / `Illuminated` | Sun above the horizon, plate lit, and the final combined test |
| `PlanarGeometry` | `CenterX` / `CenterY` | Dial centre (where the polar stylus is fixed) |
| `PlanarGeometry` | `CenterX` / `CenterY` | Dial center (where the polar stylus is fixed) |
| | `PolarStylusLength` / `PolarStylusPlaneAngle` | Polar-stylus length and its angle to the plate |
| | `HasFiniteCenter` | False when the centre degenerates to infinity; the related quantities are `NaN` |
| | `HasFiniteCenter` | False when the center degenerates to infinity; the related quantities are `NaN` |
| `HourAngleInterval` | `Start` / `End` | Signed hour-angle interval in degrees, `Start <= End` |
| `TimeLineSample` | `Date` / `Declination` / `HourAngle` / `Point` | Instant, solar declination, apparent hour angle and the shadow point |
| `DeclinationCurveSegment` | `Declination` / `Interval` / `Samples` | Segment declination, usable hour-angle interval and sample chain |
@@ -214,8 +214,8 @@ func main() {
Output:
```text
2026-06-21 09:34:10.438158222 +0805 LTZ
hour angle=-36.456508 line@9am=-27.405871 line@now=-20.959182
2026-06-21 09:34:10.404156224 +0805 LTZ
hour angle=-36.456649 line@9am=-27.405871 line@now=-20.959281
```
The zone in the first line is a synthetic local apparent solar time zone (`+08:05`, `LTZ`, for longitude `121.4737`), so the printed value already shows how far local apparent solar time is from clock time.
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ decl=23.44 usable=-105.24..105.24 samples=211
2 -37.92998436772365
```
The first line says that with the solar declination at `23.44` degrees, a horizontal dial at latitude `31.2304` is usable over hour angles `[-105.24, +105.24]` (about 14 hours) sampled at 211 points; the second gives the two samples of the "local mean solar time 9:30" time line and the first hour angle. Together the two quantities are enough to draw a horizontal dial with its usable range marked.
The first line says that with the solar declination at `23.44` degrees, a horizontal dial at latitude `31.2304` is usable over hour angles `[-105.24, +105.24]` (about 14 hours) sampled at 211 points; the second gives the two samples of the "local mean solar time 9:30" time line and the first hour angle. The usable interval can be used directly as the drawing clip range for the time lines.
### Common pitfalls
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ fmt.Println(v.PlaneNormalAzimuth, v.PlaneNormalZenithDistance)
180 90
```
- **Degenerate case**: when the plate normal is perpendicular to the polar axis (equivalently the polar stylus is parallel to the plate), `Geometry().HasFiniteCenter` is `false`, `CenterX`/`CenterY`/`PolarStylusLength` are `NaN` and `PolarStylusPlaneAngle` is 0 - latitude `45`, normal azimuth `180` and normal zenith distance `45` is exactly such a point, and nothing drawn relative to the centre is usable.
- **Degenerate case**: when the plate normal is perpendicular to the polar axis (equivalently the polar stylus is parallel to the plate), `Geometry().HasFiniteCenter` is `false`, `CenterX`/`CenterY`/`PolarStylusLength` are `NaN` and `PolarStylusPlaneAngle` is 0 - latitude `45`, normal azimuth `180` and normal zenith distance `45` is exactly such a point, and nothing drawn relative to the center is usable.
- **Per-face conventions**: a horizontal plate's normal points at the zenith (zenith distance `0`); a vertical plate has zenith distance `90` and its `planeNormalAzimuth` is the **normal** direction (south-facing wall `180`, east-facing wall `90`); the equatorial north and south faces use `90 - latitude` and `90 + latitude`.
The full table of the four constructors is under [Equatorial, horizontal and vertical dials](#equatorial-horizontal-and-vertical-dials).
@@ -339,9 +339,7 @@ fmt.Println(v.PlaneNormalAzimuth, v.PlaneNormalZenithDistance)
`ZoneTimePoint` / `ZoneTimeLine` ignore the hour, minute and second of `date`, keep only its date and zone, and substitute the `zoneTimeHours` argument for the clock reading. Passing the wrong convention shifts the whole time line.
- **Three booleans gate a valid shadow**: `SunAboveHorizon` says the Sun is up, `PlaneIlluminated` says the plate faces the Sun, and `Illuminated` is the final test requiring both; draw a shadow only when `Illuminated` is true.
- **Degenerate case**: when the plate normal is perpendicular to the polar axis (equivalently, when the polar stylus is parallel to the plate), `PlanarGeometry.HasFiniteCenter` is `false`, `CenterX`/`CenterY`/`PolarStylusLength` are `NaN` and `PolarStylusPlaneAngle` is `0` - the centre is at infinity and nothing drawn relative to it is usable.
Latitude `45`, normal azimuth `180` and normal zenith distance `45` is exactly such a point.
- **Degenerate case**: when the plate normal is perpendicular to the polar axis, `HasFiniteCenter` is `false`, `CenterX`/`CenterY`/`PolarStylusLength` are `NaN`, the center is at infinity and nothing drawn relative to the center is usable; see [Degenerate geometry and per-face dial conventions](#degenerate-geometry-and-per-face-dial-conventions).
- **`PlaneIlluminated` versus `Illuminated`**: the former is geometric only, the latter also requires the Sun above the horizon; use the latter when answering "how long is this dial usable in a day".
## Related manuals